{ "schema_version": 1, "slug": "energy", "name": "Energy & Decarbonization", "description": "Energy security and decarbonization — electricity, coal, new energy, solar/wind, storage, carbon emissions, and energy-saving drives.", "version": 224, "updated_at": "2026-10-19T22:15:40.975021+00:00", "headline": "China enters winter tightening both gas and coal supply, not building its way out", "brief_md": "China's winter energy test is still being run on gas, but the September data show the coal side has quietly tightened too. Above-scale coal output fell 6.8% year on year to 390 million tonnes (12.84 Mt/day), and January–September output was down 3.5% at 3.45 billion tonnes [doc:24900] — a supply contraction sitting oddly beside a power system that generated 1.2% less electricity than a year earlier. The judgment that matters for outside readers: Beijing is managing this winter by restraining supply and allocating through price and administrative instruction rather than by building its way out, and the bill lands on spot power markets, retail sellers and, ultimately, tariffs.\n\nThe gas file remains the most explicit security framing. The NEA's 21 September meeting on 2026–2027 heating-season supply, chaired by Vice Administrator Wang Jianbo, was written as implementation of Party and State Council decisions on responding to the Middle East situation, and it demanded underground storage full entering winter, coastal LNG tanks at high liquid level, upstream 增储上产 (boost reserves and output), PipeChina hitting project milestones on a reverse-scheduled timetable, and Hebei named to carry provincial supply responsibility, with the China Meteorological Administration in the room [doc:24010]. Domestic gas output was 21.0 bcm in September, down 1.0%, and 196.7 bcm over nine months, up 0.9% [doc:24900] — flat volume in a season the regulator is treating as a security event. Oil and gas extraction value added nonetheless rose 9.8% in September [doc:24892], which reads as price and capex rather than new molecules: the state is paying more for the same gas.\n\nThe power mix shows the same pattern of soft demand and displaced clean output. September generation was 8,294 TWh-equivalent (829.4 billion kWh), thermal down 1.4%, hydro down 18.1%, nuclear up 21.5% and wind up 10.6% [doc:24900]. Solar's increment is still largely backfilling a hydro collapse rather than retiring coal. Where that gap gets priced is Guangdong: on 13 October spot power hit 1.11 yuan/kWh at the evening peak, 198% over the mid- and long-term contract average, with the daily average at 0.808 yuan/kWh, 117% above contract, a rally running since April on coal and gas cost pass-through that transmits across the five-province southern market (Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hainan) and leaves retail sellers with heavy losses [doc:24893]. Coal and gas set the marginal price precisely when solar output is zero — and with coal output now falling, the thermal fuel balance is not loosening.\n\nThe coal numbers explain the price. Q3 capacity utilisation was 73.1%, down 1.5 points year on year, with coal mining and washing at 64.8%, down 4.1 points and the lowest of any major sector, and coal mining value added down 3.3% in September [doc:24904][doc:24892]. Refining tells the same story from the other end: crude output rose 2.2% to 18.21 million tonnes while refining fell 8.4% to 57.48 million tonnes, the decline widening 1.5 points and running at 6.8% over three quarters [doc:24900]. China is producing upstream and throttling conversion — a margin-protection and security posture that keeps extraction crews employed while cutting the loss-making downstream, but one that leaves the power system leaning on a shrinking coal base.\n\nThe counter-signal is on capital, and it is acute. Fixed asset investment fell 7.2% in January–September, with power, heat, gas and water production and supply down 6.8%, manufacturing down 2.1%, and only equipment and instrument purchases rising, up 9.7% [doc:24894]. GDP grew 4.6% over three quarters, with Q3 at 4.5% [doc:24890]. The system is being asked to carry winter load with less new construction and lower utilisation — a squeeze financed by price and administrative allocation, not fresh build.\n\nWhere decarbonisation is actually being built is coastal and industrial. Jiangsu held its third consecutive marine-economy meeting on 16 October in Lianyungang, this time expanded from the three coastal cities to all 13 prefecture-level cities [doc:24962]. The asset base it showcased is concrete: Yancheng's grid-connected offshore wind passed 7.2 GW, first in the country, with 40% of national offshore turbine and 20% of blade capacity, the country's largest LNG storage tank and its first LNG cold-energy exchange centre; Nantong's CNPC blue-sea new materials phase one starts production in November and handles 70% of provincial LNG unloading [doc:24962][doc:24912]. On hydrogen, the March 2026 MIIT–Ministry of Finance–NDRC notice on hydrogen comprehensive application pilots (氢能综合应用试点) has produced five approved city clusters targeting green ammonia and methanol, hydrogen-based feedstock substitution and hydrogen metallurgy, while Fudan spin-off Shanhai Hydrogen has commissioned a fully automated membrane-electrode line in Shanghai with GW-scale capacity after two funding rounds in six months [doc:24936]. Xi Jinping's mid-October inspection in Ulaanqab, Inner Mongolia, made the same green-development point at the political level [doc:24981].\n\nFor outside readers the implication is that China's decarbonisation runs against a cost-of-supply wall, and the adjustment is being made in storage logistics, LNG procurement and market design before it is made on the coal side. Watch whether storage and coastal LNG tanks actually reach the levels demanded and whether Hebei-style allocation spreads to other provinces; whether falling coal output tightens winter thermal supply and pushes Guangdong spot higher, forcing a retail tariff change or market intervention; whether Q4 generation finally shows solar taking share from thermal rather than from hydro; and whether the PV export catalogue under MOFCOM–MOST Announcement No. 48 is drawn narrowly when comment closes on 15 November.", "what_changed": "September coal data add the missing half of the supply story: output down 6.8% year on year to 390 Mt (Jan–Sep 3.45 bn t, -3.5%) alongside coal-mining capacity utilisation of 64.8% and coal mining value added -3.3%, which explains why Guangdong spot power is blowing out [doc:24900][doc:24904][doc:24892]. Jiangsu's 16 October Lianyungang meeting, expanded to all 13 cities, supplies the detailed coastal buildout numbers (Yancheng 7.2 GW offshore wind, largest LNG tank, first cold-energy centre; Nantong 70% of provincial LNG unloading) [doc:24962]. The standing assessment — security priced through gas and administrative allocation while decarbonisation is built elsewhere — holds.", "material_change": false, "open_questions": [ "Does falling coal output (down 6.8% in September, 3.5% year to date) tighten winter thermal supply enough to push Guangdong and southern spot prices further, and does that force a retail tariff change or market intervention?", "Do underground storage and coastal LNG tanks actually reach the 'full / high liquid level' levels the NEA demanded by 21 September, given flat domestic gas output?", "Whether Hebei-style provincial supply-responsibility allocation is extended to other provinces this heating season.", "Whether Q4 generation data finally show solar taking share from thermal rather than backfilling hydro.", "Whether the PV export catalogue under MOFCOM–MOST Announcement No. 48 is drawn narrowly when comment closes on 15 November." ], "sources": [ { "id": "24900", "title": "Energy production in September 2026", "publisher": "National Bureau of Statistics", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202610/t20261019_1965613.html" }, { "id": "24010", "title": "National Energy Administration Convenes Special Meeting to Assess Natural Gas Supply Security for the 2026–2027 Heating Season", "publisher": "NEA", "published_at": "2026-09-28", "url": "https://www.nea.gov.cn/20260928/6a94f3db6d674083b9191be6d3169620/c.html" }, { "id": "24892", "title": "In September 2026, value-added of industrial enterprises above designated size grew 5.5%", "publisher": "National Bureau of Statistics", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202610/t20261019_1965617.html" }, { "id": "24893", "title": "Latest Cover Story | Who Pays for Huge Power-Sales Losses?", "publisher": "Caixin", "published_at": "2026-10-18", "url": "https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiYEFVX3lxTE1qZ05Ndjk5Z1VacjkzV1BFNVJhRzFaTnJFR3lnc0VPSjgyeTZxcWFkNGN2aWNqZ3V0SWVuNFNQVVBmN00xekpKVEdiUEFQaW5QRWREMnd4NVN0QlhERlRwSQ?oc=5" }, { "id": "24904", "title": "Industrial capacity utilization of enterprises above designated size reached 73.1% in the third quarter of 2026", "publisher": "National Bureau of Statistics", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202610/t20261019_1965611.html" }, { "id": "24894", "title": "National fixed asset investment in January–September 2026", "publisher": "National Bureau of Statistics", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202610/t20261019_1965616.html" }, { "id": "24890", "title": "In the first three quarters, economic performance was generally stable, with new progress in high-quality development", "publisher": "National Bureau of Statistics", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202610/t20261019_1965618.html" }, { "id": "24962", "title": "Jiangsu holds special meetings for three consecutive years, focusing on high-quality development of the marine economy and coastal economic belt...", "publisher": "Jiangsu Provincial Government", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2026/10/19/art_84322_11843994.html" }, { "id": "24912", "title": "Jiangsu holds special meeting for third consecutive year, focusing on high-quality development of the marine economy and coastal economic belt...", "publisher": "Jiangsu Provincial Government", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2026/10/19/art_84322_11843659.html" }, { "id": "24936", "title": "Low-Cost Green Hydrogen Industrialization Advances Further: Fudan-Affiliated Shanhai Hydrogen Raises Tens of Millions of Yuan in Two Rounds in Half a Year", "publisher": "36Kr", "published_at": "2026-10-18", "url": "https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiTkFVX3lxTE5jYVBfSDN0OGJFSTB2NG5FRlA4XzAyaHZyWHJFZjRMY3k3cDBwdUNoQTEwUjcyeWhxV3hyaXVFWG9MX3o3TXdvNVp5UExSZw?oc=5" }, { "id": "24981", "title": "Xi highlights green path to development", "publisher": "Henan Provincial Government", "published_at": "2026-10-19", "url": "https://english.henan.gov.cn/2026/10-19/3438562.html" } ], "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v224.html", "current_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v224.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v224.md", "analysis_label": "AI-assisted interpretation; verify against the cited original sources.", "comparison": { "previous_version": 223, "current_version": 224, "previous_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v223.html", "unit": "distinct cited documents", "retained": [ "24010", "24893", "24894", "24900", "24904", "24912", "24936" ], "added": [ "24890", "24892", "24962", "24981" ], "removed": [ "24099", "24109" ], "note": "Newly cited means new to this reading, not newly published. No longer cited does not mean retracted. Citation changes do not establish a policy change." }, "history": [ { "version": 224, "updated_at": "2026-10-19T22:15:40.975021+00:00", "headline": "China enters winter tightening both gas and coal supply, not building its way out", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v224.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v224.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v224.md" }, { "version": 223, "updated_at": "2026-10-19T14:17:15.228681+00:00", "headline": "Winter gas security, not coal, is now the test of China's energy ordering", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v223.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v223.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v223.md" }, { "version": 222, "updated_at": "2026-10-19T02:47:44.045578+00:00", "headline": "Coal output falls, clean buildout accelerates, but Guangdong spot power prices blow out", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v222.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v222.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v222.md" }, { "version": 221, "updated_at": "2026-10-17T14:19:50.069629+00:00", "headline": "Solar capacity overtakes coal, but supply-first ordering hardens as fuel prices climb", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v221.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v221.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v221.md" }, { "version": 220, "updated_at": "2026-10-17T10:49:11.485581+00:00", "headline": "Solar know-how fenced off while transition cooperation stays open", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v220.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v220.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v220.md" }, { "version": 219, "updated_at": "2026-10-16T10:57:50.055048+00:00", "headline": "China puts photovoltaic manufacturing technology under export control; supply-first energy ordering holds", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v219.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v219.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v219.md" }, { "version": 218, "updated_at": "2026-10-10T14:19:29.592885+00:00", "headline": "Gas and oil security toolkit hardens; solar-over-coal capacity lead holds", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v218.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v218.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v218.md" }, { "version": 217, "updated_at": "2026-10-10T02:54:13.320479+00:00", "headline": "Solar capacity tops coal, but supply-first ordering and coal insurance hold", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v217.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v217.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v217.md" }, { "version": 216, "updated_at": "2026-09-30T14:27:53.612978+00:00", "headline": "Supply-first ordering holds; solar capacity overtakes coal", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v216.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v216.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v216.md" }, { "version": 215, "updated_at": "2026-09-30T10:52:00.090523+00:00", "headline": "Coal and gas supply-first ordering holds; NEA ceremony restates it, no emissions shift", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v215.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v215.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v215.md" }, { "version": 214, "updated_at": "2026-09-30T06:21:54.549266+00:00", "headline": "Supply-first sequencing holds; France dialogue extends grid-and-electrification outreach", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v214.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v214.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v214.md" }, { "version": 213, "updated_at": "2026-09-28T02:56:50.404617+00:00", "headline": "Security-first holds; winter gas joins coal as the new front", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v213.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v213.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v213.md" }, { "version": 212, "updated_at": "2026-09-25T22:15:31.594004+00:00", "headline": "Coal-supply reflex intact; producer prices soften, no carbon rule appears", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v212.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v212.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v212.md" }, { "version": 211, "updated_at": "2026-09-24T06:20:32.130725+00:00", "headline": "First MEE 15th-FYP implementation plan targets solid waste, not coal or carbon", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v211.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v211.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v211.md" }, { "version": 210, "updated_at": "2026-09-18T02:49:03.673856+00:00", "headline": "Coal supply reflation: Beijing pushes output rebound, security outranks emissions", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v210.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v210.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v210.md" }, { "version": 209, "updated_at": "2026-09-16T10:50:36.199163+00:00", "headline": "China's clean buildout outpaces policy; coal cuts track weak demand, not retirement", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v209.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v209.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v209.md" }, { "version": 208, "updated_at": "2026-09-16T02:53:37.488603+00:00", "headline": "Renewables reach 60.7% of capacity as coal output still tracks demand", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v208.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v208.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v208.md" }, { "version": 207, "updated_at": "2026-09-15T06:32:48.892494+00:00", "headline": "August coal output -7.7%, thermal power -4.3% as non-fossil accelerates", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v207.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v207.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v207.md" }, { "version": 206, "updated_at": "2026-09-14T14:18:28.230811+00:00", "headline": "Energy security still leads; APEC export push advances, no binding carbon cap", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v206.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v206.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v206.md" }, { "version": 205, "updated_at": "2026-09-14T10:50:00.371495+00:00", "headline": "Renewables hit 60.7% of capacity as Beijing exports its energy-balance doctrine", "material_change": true, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v205.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v205.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v205.md" }, { "version": 204, "updated_at": "2026-09-14T06:22:51.482765+00:00", "headline": "Renewable buildout alongside coal baseload persists; safety rules bind, not carbon", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v204.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v204.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v204.md" }, { "version": 203, "updated_at": "2026-09-14T02:50:04.790850+00:00", "headline": "PV tops capacity; safety and input costs bind, carbon pricing still doesn't", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v203.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v203.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v203.md" }, { "version": 202, "updated_at": "2026-09-11T22:20:39.145045+00:00", "headline": "Renewables pass coal by capacity as safety rules tighten", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v202.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v202.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v202.md" }, { "version": 201, "updated_at": "2026-09-11T06:28:44.927580+00:00", "headline": "Coal-and-grid security regime holds as sub-national 15th FYP clean-energy targets surface", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v201.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v201.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v201.md" }, { "version": 200, "updated_at": "2026-09-10T10:51:46.880660+00:00", "headline": "No new energy decision; security-first grid regime still holds", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v200.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v200.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v200.md" }, { "version": 199, "updated_at": "2026-09-10T02:56:11.936592+00:00", "headline": "PV now largest by capacity; security-first grid rules and fuel-cost inflation persist", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v199.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v199.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v199.md" }, { "version": 198, "updated_at": "2026-09-08T22:27:41.236775+00:00", "headline": "China holds security-first power rules; renewable buildout, not carbon caps, leads cuts", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v198.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v198.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v198.md" }, { "version": 197, "updated_at": "2026-09-08T06:28:46.145764+00:00", "headline": "China energy dual-track unchanged; new docs confirm security-first, no carbon shift", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v197.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v197.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v197.md" }, { "version": 195, "updated_at": "2026-09-07T06:30:17.935646+00:00", "headline": "China's dual-track energy system persists: solar capacity record plus hardened grid dispatch rules.", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v195.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v195.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v195.md" }, { "version": 194, "updated_at": "2026-09-06T10:58:27.879728+00:00", "headline": "Dual-track energy policy persists as solar passes coal; no cap shift", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v194.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v194.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v194.md" }, { "version": 193, "updated_at": "2026-09-06T06:22:18.625813+00:00", "headline": "Solar tops coal by capacity; grid-security rules still govern policy", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v193.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v193.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v193.md" }, { "version": 192, "updated_at": "2026-09-02T10:59:18.626742+00:00", "headline": "China energy build-out continues; carbon market stays a tool, not a cap", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v192.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v192.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v192.md" }, { "version": 191, "updated_at": "2026-09-02T03:10:28.771091+00:00", "headline": "Carbon market gains leadership attention; build-out logic unchanged", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v191.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v191.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v191.md" }, { "version": 190, "updated_at": "2026-09-01T22:23:16.245473+00:00", "headline": "China sticks to coal-plus-grid buildout; no carbon caps in latest signals", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v190.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v190.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v190.md" }, { "version": 189, "updated_at": "2026-09-01T14:31:28.908836+00:00", "headline": "Coal-chems and grid gear expand under 'dual carbon' language; no cap shift.", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v189.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v189.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v189.md" }, { "version": 188, "updated_at": "2026-09-01T03:10:26.617785+00:00", "headline": "No change: China energy policy still security-and-growth-first, green as branding", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v188.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v188.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v188.md" }, { "version": 187, "updated_at": "2026-08-31T22:22:02.709824+00:00", "headline": "China's dual-track energy expansion persists; green language licenses investment, not emissions caps.", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v187.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v187.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v187.md" }, { "version": 186, "updated_at": "2026-08-31T14:25:22.608942+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy unchanged: green investment licensed, no binding carbon caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v186.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v186.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v186.md" }, { "version": 185, "updated_at": "2026-08-31T10:56:37.144869+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy still security-driven; green is investment language, not carbon cap.", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v185.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v185.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v185.md" }, { "version": 184, "updated_at": "2026-08-31T06:26:02.308357+00:00", "headline": "No policy shift: energy security and industrial growth still outrank carbon caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v184.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v184.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v184.md" }, { "version": 183, "updated_at": "2026-08-31T03:04:42.640319+00:00", "headline": "China keeps dual-track energy buildout; no carbon-cap shift", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v183.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v183.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v183.md" }, { "version": 182, "updated_at": "2026-08-30T22:22:06.883485+00:00", "headline": "China's green drive remains industrial expansion, not emissions constraint", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v182.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v182.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v182.md" }, { "version": 181, "updated_at": "2026-08-30T10:57:21.358837+00:00", "headline": "China's green push stays industrial expansion, no carbon constraints", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v181.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v181.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v181.md" }, { "version": 180, "updated_at": "2026-08-30T06:30:48.195123+00:00", "headline": "China's energy policy still growth-first; green push is industrial and export-led", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v180.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v180.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v180.md" }, { "version": 179, "updated_at": "2026-08-30T02:55:34.636768+00:00", "headline": "New energy stays industrial-expansion play; exports absorb overcapacity", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v179.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v179.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v179.md" }, { "version": 178, "updated_at": "2026-08-29T10:57:33.700493+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy unchanged: dual-track growth, no carbon caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v178.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v178.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v178.md" }, { "version": 177, "updated_at": "2026-08-29T03:04:03.287292+00:00", "headline": "Supply security and industrial expansion still frame China's energy policy; no carbon-cap shift", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v177.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v177.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v177.md" }, { "version": 176, "updated_at": "2026-08-28T14:28:50.785091+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy unchanged: security first, decarbonization as byproduct", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v176.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v176.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v176.md" }, { "version": 175, "updated_at": "2026-08-28T11:05:39.353767+00:00", "headline": "China's dual-track energy expansion persists; no shift toward emissions caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v175.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v175.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v175.md" }, { "version": 174, "updated_at": "2026-08-28T06:31:27.315894+00:00", "headline": "Dual-track energy policy holds; no cap-based pivot in new batch", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v174.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v174.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v174.md" }, { "version": 173, "updated_at": "2026-08-28T03:00:06.678167+00:00", "headline": "Security-first energy dual-track persists; Liaoning adds nuclear to new-energy base", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v173.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v173.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v173.md" }, { "version": 172, "updated_at": "2026-08-27T14:30:08.142755+00:00", "headline": "Security-first dual-track expansion holds; no shift to emissions caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v172.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v172.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v172.md" }, { "version": 171, "updated_at": "2026-08-27T11:06:14.794947+00:00", "headline": "China holds energy-security-first line; decarbonization remains industrial byproduct, no caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v171.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v171.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v171.md" }, { "version": 170, "updated_at": "2026-08-27T06:31:03.957277+00:00", "headline": "China stays on dual-track energy path, no carbon caps in sight", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v170.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v170.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v170.md" }, { "version": 169, "updated_at": "2026-08-27T03:04:25.499859+00:00", "headline": "Beijing still prioritizes energy security and industrial growth over carbon caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v169.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v169.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v169.md" }, { "version": 168, "updated_at": "2026-08-26T03:02:40.974008+00:00", "headline": "China's energy drive remains industrial policy; no carbon caps emerge", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v168.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v168.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v168.md" }, { "version": 167, "updated_at": "2026-08-25T14:28:38.058650+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy unchanged: supply-security and industrial buildout over carbon caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v167.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v167.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v167.md" }, { "version": 166, "updated_at": "2026-08-25T10:59:21.951182+00:00", "headline": "China energy policy: security and discipline first, decarbonization via efficiency", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v166.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v166.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v166.md" }, { "version": 165, "updated_at": "2026-08-25T06:30:24.410827+00:00", "headline": "China decarbonization stays industrial and security tool; no emissions caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v165.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v165.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v165.md" }, { "version": 164, "updated_at": "2026-08-25T03:01:53.247422+00:00", "headline": "Managed decarbonization holds course: efficiency and buildout, no emissions caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v164.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v164.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v164.md" }, { "version": 163, "updated_at": "2026-08-24T22:25:31.278966+00:00", "headline": "Clean energy remains industrial buildout, not emission constraint", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v163.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v163.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v163.md" }, { "version": 162, "updated_at": "2026-08-24T18:09:39.365947+00:00", "headline": "Managed decarbonization holds: clean energy is industrial policy, not emissions caps", "material_change": false, "url": "https://china-snapshot.com/analysis/dossiers/energy/v162.html", "json_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v162.json", "markdown_url": "https://china-snapshot.com/data/topics/energy/v162.md" } ], "coverage": { "kind": "retained_publishable_readings", "exhaustive": false, "published_revision_count": 62, "withheld_revision_count": 160, "older_revision_count_outside_window": 0, "first_revision": 162, "latest_revision": 224, "note": "Only retained readings with sufficient prose and resolvable citations are published, up to 2000 per topic. Revision numbers may have gaps. A reading is analysis, not an exhaustive record of events." } }